How to set the coordinate system of CNC vertical machining center

The coordinate system of CNC machining center includes machine tool coordinate system and workpiece coordinate system. Different machining center coordinate systems will be slightly different.

1, machine coordinate system

(1) The Z coordinate is parallel to the spindle, and the direction of the tool away from the workpiece is positive.

(2) The X coordinate is perpendicular to the Z coordinate, and the tool rotates. From the column towards the direction of the tool spindle, the right side is positive.

(3) After the coordinates of Y, Z and X are determined, the Y coordinates are determined with the right-handed Cartesian coordinate system.

The origin of the machine tool coordinate system, also known as the machine tool origin, reference point or zero point, is a very important reference point for machine tool debugging and processing. Machine return to zero is usually used after machine rotation. When the tool changes automatically. The so-called return to zero is to return the moving part to the mechanical origin. The machine origin is usually the maximum stroke of the tool or table, set in the positive direction of the machine reference frame. The tool change position of some machining centers does not coincide with the mechanical origin, the mechanical origin is called the first reference point, and the tool change position is called the second reference point. Note that once the machine is assembled, the second reference point cannot be changed after debugging.

2. Working coordinate system

The job coordinate system is the coordinate system that the programmer sets on the job when creating the program. The origin of the workpiece coordinate system is the origin of the workpiece, also known as the programming origin. In theory, setting the origin of the workpiece is arbitrary, but in practice, it is set by the programmer according to the characteristics of the part for easy programming and dimensional intuition. In the case of machining center, only by accurately selecting the origin of the workpiece, can the workpiece coordinate system be established.

Selection criteria for workpiece origin:

(1) The origin of the workpiece must match the design standards of the parts.

(2) The calculation when preparing the NC program should be the simplest to avoid calculation errors in the size chain.

(3) The minimum processing error occurs.

(4) For the origin of the workpiece, select a position that is easy to correct and easy to measure during processing.

The position of the workpiece origin is specified when the part is processed mathematically. After clamping the part to the machine, this point is also determined, but depends on the clamping position of the workpiece. Therefore, the machine can change the workpiece coordinate system according to the need.

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